Diabetes is basically a chronic condition which is characterized by high glucose levels because of your body’s inability to properly regulate insulin which is a hormone that helps in controlling your blood sugar levels. There are different causes and types of diabetes that you should know about before you dwell into diabetes management.
Type one diabetes
Type one diabetes is basically known as insulin-dependent diabetes, and you develop it in your childhood or adolescence. It happens when your immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas. The exact cause of the autoimmune response is currently unknown, but experts suggest that it includes genetic and environmental factors type one diabetes cannot be prevented, and you need to go through lifelong insulin therapy for this.
Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common types of diabetes, and it happens in your adulthood even though it increasingly affects young people because of rising rates of obesity and sedentary lifestyle. The body either resists the effects of insulin or does not produce enough levels of insulin to maintain the average blood sugar levels in this type 2 diabetes.
Genetics
Family history plays a vital role In type 2 diabetes. When you have close relatives with this type of diabetes, then there is a likelihood that you will also develop it.
Obesity
Excessive body weight, especially abdominal fat, enhances insulin resistance and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissues release hormones and inflammatory substances, which can impair your insulin action.
Sedentary Lifestyle
Physical inactivity is basically a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. You need to know that regular exercise helps in improving insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization.
Poor Diet
Diets loaded with refined carbohydrates and curated trans fats besides sugary beverages contribute towards the development of the right to diabetes. Or diet which is rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains, lean proteins, or healthy fats can help in preventing or managing this condition.
Age And Ethnicity
Advancing age or some ethnic backgrounds like African or Native American are linked with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Gestational Diabetes
If you are pregnant, then during pregnancy also, you can develop gestational diabetes. Diabetes enhances the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
effects of diabetes
Irrespective of the type, diabetes can have a major impact on different organ systems in your body
Cardiovascular Systems
Diabetes can increase the risk of cardiovascular ailments like heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral arterial disease. High blood sugar levels can also damage the blood vessels and contribute to the hardening and narrowing of your arteries.
Kidneys
Chronic high blood sugar levels can damage your kidneys with time, leading to diabetic nephropathy. This condition can progress to kidney failure requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant .
Eyes
Diabetes can cause diabetic retinopathy, which is a condition that damages your blood vessels in the retina. It can also lead to vision impairment if you do not treat it in time.
Nerves
High blood sugar levels can damage your nerves throughout the body and cause a condition known as diabetic neuropathy. Some of the symptoms can include numbness, tingling pain, and weakness, basically affecting the feet and your hands.
Feet
Diabetes can impair blood flow and damage the nerves in your feet, which leads to reduced sensation, slow wound healing, and increased risk of foot ulcers cases might also require amputation.
Skin
If you have diabetes, then you are likely to be prone to skin infections and slow wound healing. You might also develop diabetic dermopathy and other skin conditions.
Other complications impact the registry system like gastroparesis, delayed stomach emptying, or increased risk of liver and pancreatic diseases.
Management of diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic ailment that requires lifelong management. The primary objective of diabetes management is to control blood sugar levels and prevent complications while improving the quality of your life.
Healthy Eating
you need to follow a well-balanced diet to manage diabetes. You need to consume whole grains, lean proteins, and fruits in appropriate portions. Carbohydrate counting and meal planning might be helpful, and you might benefit from working with a registered dietician to help you with the customized meal plan.
Physical Activity
regular physical activity helps in improving insulin sensitivity, controlling your weight, and lowering blood sugar levels. You need to engage in regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise like brisk walking for at least 150 minutes every week, along with resistance training exercises.
Weight Management
If you are overweight or obese, then weight loss can significantly improve your blood sugar control and minimize the risk of complications. A combination of healthy eating, regular physical activity, and behavior modification strategies can help you achieve an optimum healthy weight.
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